Apparatus for carbonizing solid carbonizable material



APPARATUS FQR` cARBoNIzING 's oLID cARBoNIzABnE MATERIAL March 22, `1932. vH. wlDEMANN FiledV May is. 1925 Patented Mar. 22, 1932n SUNITED s'lArlss PATENT lOFFICE:

EVANS 'WIImEMALm'F BERLIN-GHARLOTTE'NBURG, 'GERMANY APPARATUS non cannomzme soun cnnnomzazann MATERIAL Application illed lMay 16, 1925, Serial-No. 30,708, and in Germany February 18, `1924.

10 inlet to the outlet round the disc plate.

Hereby it is possible on relatively small space and with low heat radiation losses to treat very great masses of fuel, so that high economy is attained and the necessary temperatures can be correctly maintained.

The inventlon further concerns details,

which are later described, and especially a v.

generator for making gas from the coke coming out of the distillin apparatus.

An embodiment .of t e invention is shown in the drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the distilling apparatus.

Figure 1a is a detail sectional view on the plane indicated by the line 1*-1 of Figure 1.

Figure 2 is a similar view of the generator.

Figure 3.is a diavrammatic elevation partly in section of a pant comprising a plurality of the distilling apparatuses and a generator. v

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic plan of the same, also partly broken away and in seetion.

The distilling apparatus accordin toFig. 5 1 consists of a distilling retort wit a disc.

shaped bottom part 1 covered by an air tight. `top part 2 with. a downward bent gas outlet 3. A jacket 4 enclosesthe retort so as to i ro duce a hollow space forreceiving com us- 3 tion gases andconducting them to a flue 5.

A gas Vburner 6 heats the disc plate L Through the top part and jacket 4a mechanically driven shaft 7 is connected to the disc plate 1 and provided with stirring arms 8 im- 3 mediately'above the latter. The stirring arms 8 have flanges 9 which extend in the direction in which the arms rotate and cover the spaces between the said arms so as to leave only small free slots between them. Through' the walls 0 2 and 4, further, a fuel feeding channellO' is conducted to the up er side of the arms 8, 9, so as to feed the uel on the disc` plate 1 between -the arms 8, 9. A flange 11 is fastened to said channel 10, and rextends also in vice, and below said flange 11 in the disc plate 1 a coke outlet 12 is arranged, and a conveyor 13, driven by a pulley 14 1s inserted into said outlet 12.

' the direction of rotation of the stirring de- 55 v Thel operation is as follows: The material 60 to be distilled, which may be vegetable, waste,

' channel 10 between the stirring arms 8, and by the latter it is slowly conducted round the Il disc plate 1, which is heated to 40G-600 cen-v tgrade. Thereby the volatile matter is distilled olf and removed through the outlet 3; they residual coke drops to the outlet 12 for being removed by the conveyor 13. In this way a very uniform low temperature distillation of the fuel is attained, and tar,paraf fine, lighting gas and eventually petrol orgasolene are gained; these products are produced in a dust free state as in all parts of the apparatus only very slow movements are produced', and the material is nowhere dropped freely downward. t The fgas generator according to Fi 2 com sists o a pear-shaped casin 15 an a similarly shaped core 16, which atter is fastened to a mechanically driven shaft'17. The cas- -ing 15 is fitted on its top partwith a fuel 'feeding' opening 18, through which the coke falls down to the space between the casing and the core.l provided. v

. In the casing walls, channels 20 for feed- A gasoutlet .-19 is similarly ing air andvfurther channels 21 for feeding Awater or vapor are contained, for instance in the shape of annularor spiral channels. The'said channels have outlet openings or nozzles directed against the inner space of the generator. Similarv channels may. alsoA be contained in the core 16 with the special purpose of cooling it; AThis rotatable core `16 'Y y1s fitted on its outer face with spur like projections 24 which serve to stir the material' and cause its downward movement.

The operation is the following. The coke, l

entering in the top part, fills up the hollow space nearly to its top and is burnt to carbon monoxide by the air fed through the channels 20 in regulable quantities. The superfluous heat arising thereby is utilized for (producing water gas or mixed gas by fee ing regulable quantities of steam through the channels 21. Thereby the coke in slowly sinking down is reduced to ashes, which are drawn off at 25, Whilst the water gas flows off at 19.

Fig. 3 shows several fuel distilling apparatuses of the ty e shown in Fig. 1 connected in serles for ractional distillation, and a gas generator of the type shown in Fig. 2 is immediately attached for further gasifying the coke obtained from the first plant. The screw conveyors 13 are of such length, and the distilling chambers are arrangedl so obliquely one above the other, that every conveyor extends from the fuel outlet 12 of the one chamber to the fuel feeding channel 10 said arms having flanges on the upper edges thereof extending in t e direction o rotation of said arms so as to nearly cover the spaces between the arms.

3. Ap aratus as claimed in claim 1 in which ciiarging means is provided with a baffle flange extending above and screening the discharging means.

In witness whereof I afiix m signature.

HANS WIE IIMANN.

of the next chamber, so that the fuel automatically runs through the whole row of distilling chambers and then immediately to the feedmg opening 18 of the as generator 15. In this way the whole istilling and gasifying process is effected quickly and automatically so as to avoid all heat losses.

For heating, each distilling chamber is provided with a gas burner 6, and the waste heating gases are conducted from the flue 5 of this chamber to the heating jackets of the further chambers each after another; thereby the gasheat is utilized in an inverse current system. According to the outer conditions it is also ossible to heat the distilling chambers part y or entirel by the sensible heat of the generator gas y conducting the gas from the generator outlet 19 to the heating 'ackets 4 of the distilling chambers and therey utilize their heat content available at a temperature of about 800 centigrade.

The generator gas can be used for the op? eration of the burner 6, and further for gas motors or for heating steam boilers, so that with advantage a power plant, as for instance an electric current generating plant may be immediately added. For heating steam boilers the generator gases are advantageously burnt in their hot condition, with which they come from the this heat is utilized for pro ucing very hot heating flames.

I claim: v

1. Apparatus for carbonizing solid'car bonizable material, comprising a substantially horizontal disc plate, means for heating the same from below the same, a hood tightly coveringsaid plate and provided with a charging means for feeding solid material on to said plate at one side thereof, a dis'- chargin means, adjacent said char ing means, gfor discharging solid material rom .l said plate, and a rotary stirring -device adaptnerator; thus 

